Deeds not Words: Women and the Vote: The Nineteenth Amendment

19th Amendment Centennial Commemoration: David S. Ferriero and Debra Wall

David S. Ferriero, Archivist of the United States, and Debra Wall, Deputy Archivist of the United States, discuss the important records related to women’s suffrage that can be found in the National Archives, remember that the fight for voting rights didn’t end with the 19th Amendment, and reflect on the political activism of the early suffragists.

Illinois Suffrage Act (1913), Office of the Illinois Secretary of State.

Illinois Issues: 100th Anniversary of Illinois Ratifying Women’s Suffrage

Illinois and the 19th Amendment, National Park Service.

• Alpha Suffrage Club—believed to be the first black women's suffrage association in the United States, it began in Chicago, Illinois in 1913 under the initiative of Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Belle Squire.
• American Equal Rights Association—from 1866 to 1869, early attempt at a national organization by Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony and others.
• American Woman Suffrage Association—American suffrage organization formed in 1869 by Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown Blackwell after a split in the American Equal Rights Association. It joined NAWSA in 1890.
• Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government—an American organization devoted to women's suffrage in Massachusetts, it was active from 1901 to 1920.
• College Equal Suffrage League—U.S. group founded in 1900 by Maud Wood Park and Inez Haynes Irwin to attract younger women to the movement. Merged with the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1908.
• Congressional Union—radical U.S. organization formed in 1913 to campaign for a constitutional amendment for women's voting rights. Led by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns, In 1915 changed its name to National Woman's Party.
• Equal Franchise Society—created and joined by American women of wealth, a politically active organization conducted within a socially comfortable milieu.
• National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)—formed in 1890 by the joining of the American Woman Suffrage Association and the National Woman Suffrage Association.
• National Woman's Party—major United States organization founded in 1915 by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns to campaign for a constitutional amendment. Organized the Silent Sentinels. From 1913-1915 the same core group's name was the Congressional Union.
• National Women's Rights Convention—a series of major U.S. organizing conventions, held from 1850 to 1869.
• National Woman Suffrage Association—American organization founded in 1869 by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton after the split in the American Equal Rights Association, joined NAWSA in 1890.
• Silent Sentinels—Members of the National Woman's Party who picketed America's White House from Jan. 1917 to June 1919 during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and until the 19th Amendment was passed, initiated and led by Alice Paul.
• Woman Suffrage Party—inclusive New York suffrage party founded by Carrie Chapman Catt.
• Women's Trade Union League—American organization formed in 1903, later involved with the campaign for the 19th amendment.