LibGuides: The Way of Progress was Neither Swift nor Easy: Celebrating Women in Science: Women in Science Today

Women Scientists

	Virginia Apgar M. D. from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Anesthesiologist and Teratologist Born: June 7, 1909 Died: August 7, 1974 She the first woman to be named a full professor at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and create the Apgar Score. The Apgar score is a standardized method for evaluating the health of newborns.
	S. Josephine Baker M.D. Women’s Medical College, New York Infirmary Born: November 15, 1873 Died: February 22, 1945 She was the first director of New York’s Bureau of Child Hygiene and the first women to earn a doctorate in public health from the New York University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College.
	Florence Bascom Geologist and Teacher Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University Born: July 14, 1962 Died: June 18, 1945 She was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. form John Hopkins University and the second women to be elected a fellow to the Geological Society of America. In 1896, she was the first women to work for the U.S. Geological Survey and published approximately 40 articles during her career.
	Alice Boring Zoologist and Herpetologist Ph. D. from Bryn Mawr College Born: February 22, 1983 Died: September 18, 1955 She did research and taught in China from 1918 through 1950.
	Eleanor Margret Burbidge Astrophysicist and Observational Astronomer Ph. D. from the University College of London Born: August 12, 1919 Died: April 5, 2020 She known for the B²FH paper and one of the founders of stellar nucleosynthesis. She was also known for her work in opposing professional discrimination against women.
	Annie Jump Cannon Astronomer Ph.D. from Groningen University Born: December 11, 1863 Died: April 13, 1941 She an Edward C. Pickering are credited with the creation Harvard Classification Scheme use to classify stars by their temperatures and spectral types. She was also the first women to receive an honorary degree from Oxford University and to be awarded the Henry Draper Medal of honor from the National Academy of Sciences.
	Rachel Carson Ecologist and Writer Masters from John Hopkins Uni Born: May 27, 1907 Died: April 14, 1964 She worked for the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries and wrote Silent Spring which was published in 1962.
	Cornelia Clapp Zoologist- marine biology Ph. D. from Syracuse University Born: March 17, 1849 Died: December 31, 1934 Became a professor of Zoology at Mount Holyoke College in 1904. In 1906 was listed among the nation’s top 150 zoologist by American Man of Science.
	Florence Hawley Ellis Anthropologist Ph.D. from the University of Chicago Born: September 17, 1906 Died: April 6, 1991 She was the first women to receive a Ph. D. in anthropology from the university of Chicago and one of the fist anthropologists to work extensively on dendrochronology (tree -ring dating).
	Margaret Clay Ferguson Botanist Ph.D. from Cornell University Born: August 29, 1863 Died: August 28, 1951 She was the first female President of the Botanical Society of America. She taught botany and was the head of the department at Wellesley college.
	Mary L. Good Chemist Ph.D. from the University of Arkansas Born: June 20,1931 Died: November 20, 2019 She was the first woman elected to the board of the American Chemical Society and a division head of IUPAC. She also held science advisory post during the presidencies of Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and George Bush and was the undersecretary for technology during the Clinton’s presidency.
	Alice Hamilton Pioneer Industrial Physician M.D. from the University of Michigan Born: February 27, 1869 Died: September 22, 1970 First U.S. physician to dedicated to do research in industrial medicine. She is also women to hold a faculty position at Harvard University where she was appointed an Assistant Professor of Industrial Medicine at Harvard Medical School in 1919
	Harriet Boyd Hawes Archaeologist M.A. from Smith college Born: October 11, 1871 Died: March 31, 1945 She is the discover and the first director of Gournia, one of the first excavations of a Minoan settlement and palace on the Aegean Island of Crete and the first female archeologist to speat at the Archeological Institute of America
	Grace Hopper Computer Scientist and U.S. Navy Rear Admiral Ph. D. from Yale University Born: December 9, 1906 Died: January 1, 1992 She was involved with the creation of UNIVAC (computer), invented the first computer compiler, and a co-developer of COBOL (program language).
	Karen Horney Master’s in medical science University of Berlin Neo-Freudian Psychologist Born: September 16, 1885 Died: December 4, 1952 She is credited with founding feminist psychology was the Dean of the American Institute of Psychoanalysis and found the American Journal of Psychoanalysis.
	Libbie Hyman Ph. D. from the University of Chicago Zoologist Born: December 6, 1888 Died: August 3, 1969 She published a six-volume treatise entitled The Invertebrates. She received a Gold Medal in Zoology form the Linnaean Society of London and a Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Achievement in Science from the American Museum of Natural History.
	Mary Swartz Rose Ph.D. from Yale University Dietitian Born: October 31, 1874 Died: February 1, 1941 She was a pioneer in the science of nutrition, and the first woman President of the American Institute of Nutrition.
	Florence Sabin Medical Scientist M.D. from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Born: November 9, 1871 Died: October 3, 1953 The first woman to hold full professorship at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and to head a department at the Rockefeller Institute for medical Research. She is also the first women elected to the National Academy of Sciences and elected president of the American Association of Anatomists.
	Ruth Sager Geneticist Ph.D. Columbia University Born: February 7, 1918 Died: March 29, 1997 She proved that uniparental inheritance does occur and that the mechanism for it was chloroplast genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardi.
	Helen Taussig M.D. from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Pediatric Cardiologist Born: May 24, 1898 Died: May 20, 1986 She is known for her innovative work on “blue baby syndrome. She is the first women elected head of the American Heart Association and to hold full professorship at John Hopkins University.
	Marie Tharp Geologist and Cartographer Masters University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Born: July 30, 1920 Died: August 23,2006 She helped create the first map of the ocean floor. Her research also helped prove the existence of continental drift.

Names from the 17 famous female Scientists up to and including 2017. Edited based on information retrieved from https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/17-top-female-scientists-who-have-changed-the-worl/

Image	Biography & Contribution
Tiera Guinn	21-year-old scientist and MIT senior majoring in aerospace. She is helping build a rocket for NASA that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever made. She also works as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing is building for NASA.
Jane Goodall (1934- )	English primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist. The most famous primate scientist in history. Renowned for her work with chimpanzees and as a champion of animal rights. And Goodall wasn’t just working in a lab; she climbed trees and mimicked the behavior of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.
Mae C. Jemison (1956- )	The first African American female astronaut. In 1992, she became the first black woman in space when as a crew member on the spaceship Endeavour. Before entering the space program, she was a medical doctor who served with the Peace Corps in Sierra Leone and Liberia.
Katherine Freese (1957- )	A theoretical Astrophysicist and a pioneer in dark matter and dark energy research. She developed a revolutionary theory about a kind of star – dark stars, something that has never been observed directly by a human. She is currently a professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin.
Sara Seager (1971- )	A Canadian American astronomer and planetary scientist. She is known for her work on extrasolar planets and their atmospheres and has discovered 715 planets in her time working with the Kepler Space Telescope, a remarkable contributor to the modern understanding of space. She is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Sau Lan Wu (early 1940s-)	A Chinese American particle physicist and the Enrico Fermi Distinguished Professor of Physics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She made important contributions towards the discovery of the J/psi particle, which provided experimental evidence for the existence of the charm quark, and the gluon, the vector boson of the strong force in the Standard Model of physics.
Veronica Veallejos (1967-)	She is a marine biologist and Antartic research with a Master's degree from University of Valparaiso and is the Head of the Projects and Environment Department at the Chilean Antarctic Institute (INACH).
Zhao Yufen (1948-)	Is a chemical engineer with a Ph. D. from the State Univeristiy of New York at Stony Brook and the youngest female member elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Seema Bhatnagar (1971-)	Is a chemist with a Ph. D from Central Drug Research Institute and works in the field of anticancer drug discovery.

Agnes Chase's First Book of Grasses by Lynn G. Clark; Richard W. Pohl
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library QK495.G74 C592 1996
ISBN: 1560986565
Publication Date: 1996-04-17
For almost seventy-five years, Agnes Chase's First Book of Grasses has been the classic guide to the structure of this complex group of plants. Clearly written and copiously illustrated with line drawings, the book is accessible to those with little or no botanical training, yet it also is respected by botanists as an authoritative introduction to agrostology. Last updated in 1959, the book now has been thoroughly revised to reflect current scientific knowledge, nomenclature, and classification. Divided into twelve lessons, the guide first surveys the basic vegetative and reproductive parts of a grass plant, then in succeeding lessons takes up increasingly more complex modifications. Formally recognized groups of grasses are discussed in a taxonomic context, with the principal focus on grass structures, particularly those of inflorescences and spikelets. Virtually all of the species discussed are illustrated with detailed line drawings. With the addition in this edition of a lesson on bamboos, coverage now extends to tropical regions and encompasses all major groups of grasses. The book also includes a short biography of Agnes Chase in the foreword and, for the first time in this edition, a glossary accompanies the appendices on grass classification.
American Women Scientists by Moira Davison Reynolds
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library Q141 .R44 1999
ISBN: 9780786406494
Publication Date: 1999-05-01
For most of the 20th century, American women had little encouragement to become scientists. In 1906, there were only 75 female scientists employed by academic institutions in the entire country. Despite considerable barriers, determined women have, however, decidedly distinguished themselves. Three examples of this are: astronomer Annie Jump Cannon, who discovered five novas and over 300 variable stars; mathematician and computer scientist Grace Hopper, who helped to invent the COBOL language; and anaesthesiologist Virginia Apgar who devised the universally used Apgar score to make a rapid evaluation of a newborn's condition just after delivery.
The Animal Mind; A Text-book of Comparative Psychology. by Margaret Floy Washburn
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library QL785 .W181917
Publication Date: 1917
Beyond Bias and Barriers: Fulfilling the Potential of Women in Academic Science and Engineering by Maximizing the Potential of Women in Academic Science and Engineering (U.S.) Committee
Call Number: Online (Ebook Central)
ISBN: 1280844329
Publication Date: 2007-01-01
Women scientists and engineers face barriers to success in every field of science and engineering, a record that deprives the country of an important source of talent. Without a transformation of academic institutions to tackle such barriers, the future vitality of the U.S. research base and economy is in jeopardy. Eliminating gender bias in academia requires overarching reform now, including decisive action by university administrators, professional societies, federal funding agencies and foundations, government agencies, and Congress. If implemented and coordinated across public, private, and government sectors, the recommended actions will help to improve workplace environments for all employees while strengthening the foundations of America's competitiveness.
Brachyura by Mary J. Rathbun
Call Number: Online (Biodiversity Heritage Library)
Publication Date: 1907
Handbook of nature-study for teachers and parents, based on the Cornell nature-study leaflets, with much additional material and many new illustrations by Anna Botsford Comstock
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library QH53 .C7 1911
Publication Date: 1911
A matchless handbook for decades, this classic work has been the natural history bible for countless teachers and others who seek information about their environment. Written originally for those elementary school teachers who knew little of common plants and animals, and even less about the earth beneath their feet and the skies overhead, this book is for the most part as valid and helpful today as it was when first written in 1911.
HRI 2007 : proceedings of the 2007 ACM/IEEE Conference on Human-Robot Interaction : March 8-11, 2007, Arlington, Virginia, USA by Cynthia Breazeal
Call Number: Online (ACM Digital Library Complete)
Publication Date: 2007
Influences of Geographic Environment on the Basis of Ratzel's System of Anthropo-geography by Ellen Churchill Semple and Friedrich Ratzel
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library GF31 .S5
Publication Date: 1911
International Encyclopedia of Women Scientists by Elizabeth H. Oakes
Call Number: Reference 1st FL--Founders Library--Non-Circulating Q141 .O27 2002
ISBN: 0816043817
Publication Date: 2001-11-01
"The International Encyclopedia of Women Scientists is an invaluable and authoritative resource for students of science and women's studies
Lady with a Spear by Eugenie Clark
Call Number: Remote Storage--Ask at Circulation Desk QL31.C56 A3
ISBN: 9780345237330
Publication Date: 1953
Memoir of American ichthyologist, Eugenie Clark.
Madame Chien-Shiung Wu by Caijian Jiang; Tsai-Chien Chiang
Call Number: Online (Ebook Central)
ISBN: 9814374849
Publication Date: 2013-03-28
Narrating the well-lived life of the "Chinese Madame Curie" -- a recipient of the first Wolf Prize in Physics (1978), the first woman to receive an honorary doctorate from Princeton University, as well as the first female president of the American Physical Society -- this book provides a comprehensive and honest account of the life of Dr Wu Chien-Shiung, an outstanding and leading experimental physicist of the 20th century.
Marie's Ocean: Marie Tharp maps the mountains under the sea by Josie James (Illustrator)
Call Number: Juvenile Collection--4th FL--Founders Library 92 T3676j
ISBN: 9781250214737
Publication Date: 2020-09-22
Born in 1925, Marie Tharp came of age at a time when academic careers were largely unavailable to women. She earned her degree in geology in the 1940s, at which point women accounted for a small percentage of all Earth science degrees. Marie's vision and tenacity paved the way for her to make one of the most impactful discoveries of the 20th century: She created the first scientific chart of the Atlantic Ocean floor--a 40,000-mile-long map that confirmed the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift.From Tharp's early childhood dreams all the way to her defining achievement, this is the story of one of Earth science's greatest hidden figures. For fans of Counting on Katherine and Spring After Spring. Christy Ottaviano Books
Rachel Carson and Her Book That Changed the World by Laurie Lawlor; Laura Beingessner (Illustrator)
Call Number: Juvenile Collection--4th FL--Founders Library 92 C3216l
ISBN: 9780823423705
Publication Date: 2012-02-01
In celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Silent Spring, here is a biography of the pioneering environmentalist. "Once you are aware of the wonder and beauty of earth, you will want to learn about it," wrote Rachel Carson, the pioneering environmentalist. She wrote Silent Spring, the book that woke people up to the harmful impact humans were having on our planet.
Salvaging old age by Lillien J. Martin and Clare de Gruchy
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library HV1451 .M3
Publication Date: 1930
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library QH545.P4 C38 1994
ISBN: 9780395683309
Publication Date: 1994-01-01
Presents facts about the effects of pesticides on the environment, health and genetics.
"In 1962, when Silent Spring was first published, 'environment' was not even an entry in the vocabulary of public policy. In a few cities, especially Los Angeles, smog had become a cause of concern, albeit more because of its appearance than because of its threat to public health. Conservation--the precursor of environmentalism--had been mentioned during the 1960 Democratic and Republican conventions, but only in passing and almost entirely in the context of national parks and natural resources. And except for a few scattered entries in largely inaccessible scientific journals, there was virtually no public dialogue about the growing, invisible dangers of DDT and other pesticides and chemicals. Silent Spring came as a cry in the wilderness, a deeply felt, thoroughly researched, and brilliantly written argument that changed the course of history. Without this book, the environmental movement might have been long delayed or never have developed at all."
Sisters in Science by Diann Jordan
Call Number: Main Collection--Founders Library Q141 .S556 2006
ISBN: 9781557533869
Publication Date: 2006-03-07
Author Diann Jordan took a journey to find out what inspired and daunted black women in their desire to become scientists in America. Letting 18 prominent black women scientists talk for themselves, Sisters in Science becomes an oral history stretching across decades and disciplines and desires. From Yvonne Clark, the first black woman to be awarded a B.S. in mechanical engineering to Georgia Dunston, a microbiologist who is researching the genetic code for her race, to Shirley Jackson, whose aspiration led to the presidency of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Jordan has created a significant record of women who persevered to become firsts in many of their fields. It all began for Jordan when she was asked to give a presentation on black women scientists. She found little information and little help. After almost nine years of work, the stories of black women scientists can finally be told.
Super Women by Laurie Lawlor
Call Number: Juvenile Collection--4th FL--Founders Library 920 L418s
ISBN: 9780823436750
Publication Date: 2017-04-26
Break through the glass ceiling with six incredible women whose scientific research changed the world. Katherine Coleman Johnson. Eugenie Clark. Marie Tharp. Gertrude Elion. Florence Hawley Ellis. Eleanor Margaret Burbidge. Acclaimed author Laurie Lawlor deftly paints portraits of each of these figures who refused to take no for an answer, pursuing their passions through fieldwork, observations, laboratories, and research vessels in the face of sexism, racism, and more. This diverse group of women, all with awe-inspiring accomplishments, were active mentors and determined people who wouldn't take no for an answer. The beautifully written book includes key photographs, a glossary, and source notes. A 2018 NSTA-CBC Outstanding Science Trade Book for Students K-12!
Sweeping the cobwebs by Lillien J. Martin and Clare de Gruchy
Call Number: Lillien J. Martin and Clare de Gruchy
Publication Date: 1933